Use low voltage electroscope - Solutions - Huaqiang

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Low-voltage electroscopes are commonly used as an auxiliary safety tool for electricians. It is used to check whether the conductors below 500V or various electrical equipment enclosures are energized. An ordinary low-voltage electroscope, can be carried with you, master the principle of electroscope, combined with well-known electrical principles, a lot of flexible use of skills.
(1) Judging the alternating current and the direct current port, the electric pen judges the AC and DC, and the alternating bright DC is dark.
The AC manifold is illuminated and the DC tube is illuminated.
Description:
First, let the reader know that before using the low-voltage electroscope, the test on the charged body must be confirmed; it is not used until the test pen is confirmed to be normal. When distinguishing between AC and DC, it is better to compare between “two powers”, which is obvious. When measuring AC power, both ends of the manifold are illuminated at the same time. When measuring DC power, one end of the manifold is extremely bright.
(2) Judging the positive and negative polarity of DC power:
The electric pen judges the positive and negative poles, and observes the fistula to be careful.
The front end is bright and the back is bright and positive.
Description:
The front end of the fistula refers to the end of the pen tip of the electroscope, and the end of the fistula refers to the end of the hand, the front end is bright to the negative pole, and vice versa. Pay attention to the test: the power supply voltage is 110V and above; if the person is insulated from the big one, one hand touches any pole of the power supply, the other hand holds the test pen, the metal head of the electric pen touches the other pole of the tested power supply, and the front end of the test tube Lights up, the measured contact power is the negative pole; if the back end of the neon tube is very bright, the measured contact power is positive, which is the principle of DC one-way flow and electron flow from the negative pole to the positive pole.
(3) Judging whether there is no connection of the DC power supply, the positive and negative poles are connected to the DC coefficient of the difference port, and the electric pen does not light up;
If it is close to the tip of the pen, the positive pole is faulty;
If it is close to the finger end, connect the faulty negative pole.
Description:
The DC coefficient of the power plant and the substation is for the insulation. On the person station, use the electroscope to touch the positive or negative pole. The manifold should not be lit. If it is bright, the DC system is connected. , it is the positive pole; when it is bright near the end of the finger, it is the negative pole.
(4) Judging the same phase and the opposite phase, the two lines are the same, and each hand holds a pen.
The two feet are insulated from the phase, and each of the two strokes touches the line.
Use your eyes to watch a pen.
Description:
In this test, remember that the two feet must be insulated. Most of China's power supply is 380/220V, and the transformer is generally connected by neutral point. When testing, the human body and the big must be insulated to avoid loops, so as to avoid misjudgment; when testing, two bright and non-lighting displays The same, so only one can see.
(5) Judging that the phase line of the 380/220V three-phase three-wire power supply line is connected to the fault port, the star connection method is three-phase line, and the electric pen touches two lights.
The remaining one is weak, and the phase conductor is connected;
If it is barely visible, the metal is faulty.
Description:
The secondary side of the power transformer is generally connected to a Y-shape. The neutral point is not connected to the three-phase three-wire system. When the electroscope is used to touch the three phase lines, two are slightly brighter than the usual one, and the other is weaker. It means that the brightness weak phase line has a connection phenomenon, but it is not too serious; the two are very bright, and the remaining one is almost invisible, and the phase line has a metal connection fault.
On-site first-aid electric shock, artificial respiration, electric shock, and physiological state determination should be performed immediately. The correct method can be used to determine the rescue method.
(1) Determine whether or not there is consciousness. The ambulance pats or gently shakes the electrician's body (be careful not to use too much force or shake your head, so as not to aggravate the possibility of trauma), and call out loud. If there is no reaction, immediately press the person's middle point with your finger. When the call is not responsive and the stimulus is not responding, it can be judged that consciousness has been lost. This decision process should be completed within 5 seconds.
When the awareness of the electric shock has been lost, you should call for help immediately. Put the electric person on the solid plane, the head is flat, the neck can not be higher than the chest, the arms are flat and the two sides are released, the tights are untied, the belt is loosened, the denture is removed, and the foreign matter in the mouth is removed. If the person touching the face is facing down, the head, the household, and the driver should be turned over as a whole at the same time, and should not be twisted, so as to avoid aggravation of the neck. The method of turning over is: the ambulance person rubs the shoulder of the electric person, first raises the electrician's two hands over his head, straightens the two legs, and puts one leg on the other leg. Then one hand holds the neck of the electric shocker, one hand holds the shoulder of the electric shock, and the whole body flips at the same time.
(2) Determine if there is any breathing. When keeping the airway open, determine whether there is any breathing method: use the eyes to observe the presence or absence of undulations in the chest and abdomen of the electric shocker; use the ear to close the electric shock population, nose, and listen to the sound of breathing; use the face or hand to close the electric shock population, nose, test With or without gas discharge; use a thin piece of paper to put an electric shock on the person's nose and observe whether the paper is moving. If there is no undulation in the chest and abdomen, no exhalation, no gas is discharged, and the paper does not move, it can be determined that the electric shock has stopped breathing. This determination is completed within 3~5S.